1、下载mysql glibc 包
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2、tar xvf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
3、mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
4、groupadd mysq
5、useradd mysql -g mysql
6、mkdir -p  /data/mysqldata
mkdir -p /var/log/mariadb
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log

vi /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf 
内容如下

[client]

#password = your_password

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

datadir = /data/mysqldata

#skip-locking

key_buffer_size = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 64

sort_buffer_size = 512K

net_buffer_length = 8K

read_buffer_size = 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

# Don’t listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,

# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.

# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.

# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows

# (via the “enable-named-pipe” option) will render mysqld useless!

# 

#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)

# binary logging is required for replication

log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format – mixed recommended

binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 – 1

# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set

# but will not function as a master if omitted

server-id = 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)

#

# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between

# two methods :

#

# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) –

#    the syntax is:

#

#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,

#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;

#

#    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and

#    <port> by the master’s port number (3306 by default).

#

#    Example:

#

#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=’125.564.12.1′, MASTER_PORT=3306,

#    MASTER_USER=’joe’, MASTER_PASSWORD=’secret’;

#

# OR

#

# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then

#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example

#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to

#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later

#    change in this file to the variables’ values below will be ignored and

#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown

#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.

#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched

#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)

#

# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 – 1

# (and different from the master)

# defaults to 2 if master-host is set

# but will not function as a slave if omitted

#server-id       = 2

#

# The replication master for this slave – required

#master-host     =   <hostname>

#

# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting

# to the master – required

#master-user     =   <username>

#

# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to

# the master – required

#master-password =   <password>

#

# The port the master is listening on.

# optional – defaults to 3306

#master-port     =  <port>

#

# binary logging – not required for slaves, but recommended

#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables

#innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysqldata

#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysqldata

# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 – 80 %

# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high

#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M

#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M

# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size

#innodb_log_file_size = 5M

#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL

#safe-updates

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 20M

sort_buffer_size = 20M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

保存文件

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysqldata
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf  --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldata/ 

2020-04-07 21:46:20 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld –initialize

2020-04-07 21:46:25 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn’t empty:

2020-04-07 21:46:25 [WARNING] 2020-04-07T13:46:20.388514Z 0 [Warning] –bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using –initialize instead

2020-04-07T13:46:20.389106Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
查看初始密码
cat ~/.mysql_secret
y-E.*xpsmiDl
登陆mysql修改初始密码
./mysql -uroot -py-E.*xpsmiDl
alter user ‘root’@’localhost’ identified by ‘2dot5’;

cd ~/
vi .bash_profile

MYSQL=/usr/local/mysql
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$MYSQL/bin
export MYSQL
export PATH

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
service mysql start